,1. 23-years old patient suffering from neuritis of facial nerve complains of inability to close the left eye. How you can explain this symptom?

                A. Dysfunction of orbicularis oculi muscle and 7-th Cranial Nerve

                B.  Dysfunction of levator and orbicularis oculi muscles

C.  Dysfunction of levator muscle and 3-rd Cranial Nerve

D. Dysfunction of orbicularis oculi muscle and 5-th Cranial Nerve

E. Dysfunction of levator muscle and 5-th Cranial Nerve

2. During ophthalmological examination peripheral retinal degeneration was revealed. Which receptive elements of the retina suffer in this disease?

A. Cones

B. Rods

C. Ganglionic cells

D. Bipolar cells

E. Optic nerve

3. Disorder of color vision was revealed in young man during medial examination. What method of visual functions examination may help proof the diagnosis?

A. Examination with polychromatic charts

B. Examination with Snellen chart

C. Worth’s four-dot test

D. Spheroperimetry

E. Ophthalmoscopy

4. Patient of neurological department is suffering from left-side homonymous hemianopsia. Fix the localization of lesion focus.

A. Lesion of right optic tract

B. Lesion of visual cortex

C. Lesion of chiasma, uncrossed fibers

D. Lesion of chiasma, crossed fibers

E. Lesion of left optic tract

5. 2-month aged baby’s mother referred to pediatrician with complains of significant muco-purulent discharge and lacrimation from his right eye. Doctor prescribed antiseptic eye-drops to both eyes, but in 5 days mother referred again with the same complains. What pathology the pediatrician didn’t suspect?

A. Presence of membrane at the area of inferior foramen of nasolacrimal duct

B. Viral conjunctivitis

C. Bacterial conjunctivitis

D. Chronic dacriocystitis  on the background of children’s infections

E. Occlusion of lacrimal canaliculi

6. During perimetry of the patient’s right eye the focus of visual field loss localized in temporal half in 12 - 18º from fixation point was revealed. It may indicate:

A. Pathological process in retina

B. Pathological process in optic nerve

С. Presence of functional scotoma

D. Homonymous left-sided hemianopsia

E. Homonymous right-sided hemianopsia

7. After refractometry the astigmatism of both eyes was revealed in 4-years old child. Vertical meridium – emmetropia, horizontal meridium – hypermetropia 3.0 D. Name the type and kind of the astigmatism.

A. Simple hypermetropic reversed

B. Compound hypermetropic direct

C. Simple hypermetropic direct

D. Compound hypermetropic reversed

E. Mixed astigmatism

8. Patient 17-years old complains of vision impairment of both eyes. He’s had poor vision since 12 years old, now wears spectacles – 4.0 D for both eyes, but the vision in spectacles is bad. Results of visual acuity testing:

Vis OD = 0.1 correction sph – 7.0 D = 1.0

Vis OS = 0.2 correction sph – 5.0 D = 1.0

Tell the correct diagnosis

A.      Myopia of both eyes

B.      Hyperopia of both eyes

C.      Astigmatism of both eyes

D.      Myopia, anisometropia of both eyes

E.       Hyperopia, anisometropia of both eyes

9. What spectacles for reading are required for 50 years old emmetropic patient?

A. +2.5 D

B. +2.0 D

C. +3.5 D

D. +5.0 D

E. +1.75 D

10. 60-years old laboratory assistant asks for the spectacles for work. Visual acuity testing showed such results of uncorrected visual acuity for far: OD = 1.0; OS = 1.0. Which glasses you’d prescribe the patient for work?

A. +2.5 D

B. He doesn’t need any glasses

C. +3.0 D

D. +5.0 D

E. +2.0 D

11. Patient complains of lacrimation, purulent discharge from the right eye, pain in lower eyelid. Supercooling was in anamnesis. External examination – swelling, hyperemia and pain during palpation of lower eyelid, purulent focus near the eyelashes follicles, purulent discharge. What is your diagnosis?

A. Chalasion

B. Stye (hordeolum)

C. Keratitis

D. Conjunctivitis

E. Tumor

12. Female patient 40 years old complains of hardening in the skin of lower eyelid. You know from the anamnesis, that this hardening appeared 1 year ago and keeps growing. Examination – at lower eyelid 3 mm below the eyelid margin there’s neogenic tissue 5 × 6 mm with dense margins, hyperkeratosis, crust, painless during palpation. After removal there’s bleeding from the surface. Diagnosis?

A. Stye

B. Chalasion

C. Tumor

D. Ulcerative blepharitis

E. Lower eyelid abscess

13. 6-years old child fallen ill suddenly: 2 days ago sore throat appeared, periauricular lymph nodes enlarged, fever appeared, left eye, and today – right eye as well reddened. Objectively – eyelids are swollen, soft during palpation; conjunctival hyperemia, moderate swelling of conjunctiva. A little serous discharge, no hemorrhages. All symptoms more marked in right eye. Diagnosis?

A. Blepharitis

B. Viral conjunctivitis

C. Keratitis

D. Iridocyclitis

E. Eyelid abscess

14. Patient complains of tumor-like formation at upper eyelid of right eye that gradually enlarged up to pea-size. Examination revealed neoplasm not adhered to skin, round-shaped, painless, without signs of inflammation. After  eversion of upper eyelid yellowish content is shining. Diagnosis?

A. Stye

B. Chalasion

C. Tumor

D. Blepharitis

E. Dacryoadenitis

15. During the examination of newborns one baby, who was born yesterday, mentioned to have a swelling and hyperemia of eyelids in both eyes. Objectively: eyelids are swollen, hyperemic, soft during palpation, after opening the eyelids – hemorrhagic discharge. Palpebral conjunctiva is hyperemic and swollen as well. Diagnosis?

A. Dacryocystitis

B. Blepharitis

C. Abscess of eyelids

D. Conjunctivitis

E. Iridocyclitis

16. 17 years old Patient complains of itching, heaviness and redness of eyelids which have been occurred for several years at the same time – in the beginning of May. Objectively – eyelids are mild swollen, their margins are thickened, after eyelid eversion there’re papillae on conjunctiva look like "cobblestone papillae."  Diagnosis?

A. Blepharitis

B. Keratitis

C. Vernal keratoconjunctivitis

D. Eyelid papillomatosis

E. Iridocyclitis

17. 20-years old patient uses soft contact lenses for about 1 year. Yesterday started complains of pain in right eye, photophobia, lacrimation, impairment of vision. During examination – marked pericorneal congestion, in the central part of the cornea – there’s a grayish infiltrate with unclear margins. Deeper media with no changes. Diagnosis?

A. Iridocyclitis

B. Keratitis

C. Corneal leukoma

D. Conjunctivitis

E. Blepharitis

18. Mother with 2,5-month aged child referred to a doctor with complains of periodical purulent discharge in baby’s right eye, which appeared 1 week after birth. Since 1-month age mother marks lacrimation. They used antibacterial drops that gave only temporary effect. During examination of right eye – lacrimation, bulbar and palpebral conjunctiva without any changes. After the slight pressing the inner angle of ocular fissure muco-purulent discharge appears from the lower lacrimal punctum. Diagnosis?

A. Conjunctivitis

B. Dacryocystitis of newborns

C. Dacryoadenitis

D. Stye

E. Phlegmon of lacrimal sack

                19. Mother of 4-years old child mentioned that 2 weeks ago child’s right eye started to deviate to the nasal side periodically. During examination – right eye deviated to nasal side, ocular motility of both eyes is normal. Cover test positive (fusion movements of both eyes towards nose). Diagnosis?

A. Concomitant monolateral convergent squint of the right eye

B. Concomitant alternating convergent squint

C. Paralytic squint

D. Palsy of external rectus muscle of the right eye

E. Exophthalmos

20. Child of 5-year old has fever 39,2º С, pain in right eye. X-ray exam revealed inflammatory process in maxillary sinuses. Objectively – ocular fissure is narrow, hyperemia and swelling of eyelids, chemosis of bulbar conjunctiva. Eyelids during palpation are dense. Exophthalmos, restricted ocular motility. Your diagnosis?

                A. Phlegmon of lacrimal sack

B. Acute dacryoadenitis

C. Eyelid abscess

D. Eyelid phlegmon

E. Orbital cellulitis

21. Patient complains of  pain in left eye, lacrimation, photophobia. Visual acuity is normal. During ocular examination – limited focus of hyperemia, elevated over ocular surface. After shifting of conjunctiva – the sclera has a bright red color, this focus is painful when touched by glass stick. There’s no discharge. Your diagnosis?

A. Scleritis

B. Conjunctivitis

C. Choroiditis

 D. Keratitis

E. Foreign body

22. Patient complains of vision impairment in left eye. Yesterday, during the work at repairing shop he traumatized the eye with the fragment of metal. Objectively – ocular hypotension, cornea is not affected, anterior chamber has normal depth, linear wound and hemorrhage in conjunctiva and sclera. Diagnosis?

A. Contusion

B. Foreign body of conjunctiva

C. Penetrating corneal injury

D. Penetrating scleral injury

E. Penetrating corneo-scleral injury

23. 10-years old child’s right eye was blown with the snowball while the boy was playing the snowball fight with his friends. The boy complains of pain, impairment of vision and blurred vision in right eye. Slit-lamp examination revealed corneal edema, several superficial corneal erosions, hyphaema 2 mm, irregular shape of the pupil, sluggish papillary reaction. Intraocular pressure by palpation method is normal. Diagnosis?

A. Penetrating corneal injury

B. Keratitis

C. Corneal erosion

D. Iridocyclitis

E. Eyeball contusion

24. Female patient 18-years old referred with complains of severe photophobia, lacrimation, blepharospasm, eye-pain. It’s known from anamnesis that today she attended solarium. Objectively – mixed congestion, mild corneal edema. Pupil is centered, has a regular shape, anterior chamber of normal depth, aqueous humor is normal. Which of the following you’d do as emergency aid?

A. Topical anesthetics and than – topical antiseptics

B. Topical anesthetic

C. Monocular bandage

D. Systemic analgetics

E. Topical corticosteroids

25. During the work at the factory something’s got to patient’s eye. Objectively – Photophobia, blepharospasm, lacrimation. Corneal and scleral wound with inserted iris, the pupil is pulled to the wound. Anterior chamber is shallow, subconjunctival  hemorrhage. Marked ocular hypotension. Which emergency procedures would be most correct?

A. Topical anesthetics, monocular bandage, refer to ophthalmologist

B.  Binocular bandage and refer to ophthalmologist

C. Refer to ophthalmologist immediately

D. Topical antiseptic, binocular bandage and refer to ophyhalmological hospital immediately

E. Topical anesthetic, topical antiseptic and refer to ophthalmologist

26. 7-years old boy complains of vision impairment. During examination – large stature (not according to age), long and thin fingers attracted attention. Ophthalmologic examination revealed dislocation of the crystalline lens and iridodonesis. Which pathology you may suspect in this child?

                A. Marfan syndrome

B. Sturge-Weber syndrome

C. Ealse disease

D. Veil-Marchesani syndrome

E. Laurence-Moon-Biedl syndrome

27. Male patient 65-years old complains of progressive vision loss of left eye during last 3 – 4 years. Visual acuity OS = 0.1 Optical correction doesn’t improve the vision. Intraocular pressure is normal. Ophthalmological examination revealed no changes in anterior segment of eyeball. Non-homogenous opacities in nucleus and cortex of the lens, layers may be differentiated. Your diagnosis?

A. Incipient cataract

B. Immature cataract 

C. Mature cataract

D. Hypermature cataract

E. Morganian cataract

28. 27-years old man got a blow to the head 2 days ago. During external examination upper eyelid of the right eye depressed, eyeball deviated laterally and downwards, pupil is dilated and areactive. Palsy of which cranial nerve you may suspect?

A. Oculomotor

B. Facial

C. Abducent

D. Trochlear

E. Trigeminal

29. Visual acuity of patient decreased to 0.1, peripheral visual field is normal, computerized perimetry revealed central scotoma, central fixation is absent. Lesion of what area of the retina do you suspect in this patient?

A. Area of optic disk

B. Area of vessels

C. Foveola (yellow spot)

D. Middle periphery

E. Far periphery

30. Visual acuity = 1.0, visual field – normal, binocular vision. Examination with polychromatic tables revealed absent color perception for red spectrum. How such kind of disorder is cold?

A. Protanomaly

B. Deuteranopia

C. Tritanopia

D. Tritanomaly

E. Protanopia

31. Inflammation of the cornea is cold:

A. Iritis

B. Iridocyclitis

C. Keratitis

D. Conjunctivitis

E. Chorioretinitis

32. Name pathological condition which characterized by pus collection in anterior chamber:

A. Hyphema

B. Hypopyon

C. Leucoma

D. Infiltrate

E. Nothing of above

33. Which of following anatomic structures takes part in aqueous humor production?

A. Choroid

B. Cilliary body

C. Vitreus

D. Iris

E. Lens

34. What may be a frequent cause of lacrimation?

A. Displacement of lacrimal puncti

B. Inflammation of lacrimal canaliculi

C. Inflammation of nasolacrimal duct

D. Stenosis of any part of lacrimal tract

E. All causes above

35. Which of the following is not character symptom for  blepharitis?

A. Inflammation of eyelid margins

B. Loss of eyelashes

C. Long-term treatment

D. Flakes appearing

E. Exophthalmos

36. Which stage is not character for senile cataract?

A. Immature

B. Hypermature

C. Incipient

D. Mature

E. Terminal

37. What age presbyopy usually starts at?

A. 30 – 35

B. 35 – 40

C. 40 – 45

D. 45 – 50

E. 60 – 70

38. The term “Aphakia” means:

A. Signs of cataract hypermaturity

B. Absence of the lens

C. Presence of artificial lens in the eye

D. Congenital absence of iris

E. Absence of eyeball

39. Which method of aphakia optic correction is most preferable?

A. Contact lenses

B. Spectacles

C. Intraocular lens

D. Bifocal spectacles

E. Aphakia doesn’t require any optical correction

40. What refractive power has the lens with focal distance of 1 metre?

A. 2.0 D

B. 1.0 D

C. 1.1 D

D. 0.1 D

E. 0.5 D

41. Term “Anterior uveitis” means:

A. Inflammation of cornea and iris

B. Inflammation of pars plana of cilliary body

C. Inflammation of choroids

D. Inflammation of iris and cilliary body

E. Inflammation of iris and vitreus

42. Name most frequent symptoms  for posterior uveitis

A. Photopsia

B. Metamorphopsia

C. Absence of the corneal syndrome

D. Defects in visual field

E. All above

43. In what kind of clinical refraction the main focus is in front of the retina?

A. Myopia

B. Hypermetropia

C. Emmetropia

D. Here’s no right answer

E. All variants are correct

44. In what kind of clinical refraction the main focus is behind the retina?

A. Myopia

B. Hypermetropia

C. Emmetropia

D. Astigmatism

E. Presbyopia

45. In what kind of clinical refraction the main focus is on the retina?

A. Emmetropia

B. Myopia

C. Hypermetropia

D. Ametropia

E. All variants are correct

46. In what kind of clinical refraction the main focus is out of the retina?

A. Astigmatism

B. Myopia

C. Hypermetropia

D. Ametropia

E. All variants are correct

47. Optical power of the lens is usually measured in:

A. Centimetres

B. Millimetres

C. Diopters

D. Metres

E. Conventional units

48. Patient with acute iridocyclitis has irregular pupil, posterior synechia. Name the main medications you would prescribe as first choice:

A. Pilocarpine

B. Atropine, antibiotic

C. Cycloplegic drugs, corticosteroids, antibiotics

D. Antibiotics, corticosteroids, resolving preparations

E. Antibiotics, corticosteroids, analgetics, vitamins, biostimulators

49. A newborn has dilated pupil, big eye, bluish color of the sclera, increased intraocular pressure. Most probable diagnosis is:

A. Coloboma iridis

B. Polycoria

C. Congenital aniridia

D. Congenital glaucoma

E. Congenital anterior polar cataract

50. Name the main signs character for iridocyclitis:

A. Photophbia, lacrimation

B. Pericorneal congestion

C. Keratic precipitates

D. Iris color and pattern changes

E. All above

51. In normal conditions retina is usually fixed:

A. All over ocular fundus

B. At optic disk

C. At ora serrata

D At optic disk and ora serrata

E. At vitreus

52. Patient with loss of both temporal halves of visual field. Where the lesion may localize?

A. Intraocular part of optic nerve

B. Orbital part of optic nerve

C. Optic tract

D. Occipital lobe

E. Chiasma

53. Which sign is character for central retinal artery occlusion?

A. Splashed tomato

B. Gunn sign

C. Salus sign

D. Cherry red spot

E. Bonnet sign

54. Which sign is character for ischemic central retinal vein occlusion?

A. “Splashed tomato”

B. Gunn sign

C. Salus sign

D. Cherry red spot

E. Bonnet sign

55. What would be visual acuity of patient who reads the 1st line of Snellen chart  from the distance of 2 metres

A. 0.01

B. 0.02

C. 0.03

D. 0.04

E. 0.05

56. The inflammation of the iris is cold:

A. Iridocyclitis

B. Keratitis

C. Conjunctivitis

D. Iritis

E. Choroiditis

57. Which spectacles for reading you’d prescribe to a 50-years old patient with 2.0D hypermetropia?

A. +1.0 D

B. + 2.0 D

C. +3.0 D

D + 4.0 D

E. +5.0 D

58. Which spectacles for reading you’d prescribe to a 50-years old patient with 2.0D myopia?

A. +1.0 D

B. + 2.0 D

C. -1.0 D

D -2.0 D

E. He doesn’t need any spectacles

59. Which signs are character for proliferative stage of diabetic retinopathy?

A. Microaneurisms

B. Retinal hemorrhages

C. Hard exudates

D. Neovascularization of optic disk

C. All above

60. Which of the following is not character for the clinical picture of non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy?

A. Microaneurisms

B. Retinal hemorrhages

C. Hard exudates

D. Neovascularization elsewhere

C. Intraretinal microvascular abnormalities (IRMA)

61. Patient 50 years old complains of painless vision loss of right eye during one week. Week ago he felt floaters, flashes of light, than “curtain fallen down and vision dissapeared”. Vis OD = Hand Movements. During ophthalmoscopy – grayish folds of retina and at lower meridiums of the retina – horse-shoe break. Diagnosis?

A. Chorioretinitis

B. Immature cataract

C. Mature cataract

D. Retinal detachment

C. Glaucoma

62. You diagnosed retinal detachment in your patient. What is more preferable treatment strategy in this case?

A. Topical antibiotics

B. Topical antibiotics and osmotic diuretics

C. Topical corticosteroids

D. Topical and systemic antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, diuretics

E. Surgical treatment

63. 57-years old patient mentioned that he has lost the vision of the left eye. Objectiely: Vis OD = 1.0, Vis OS = 1/∞ pr.l.incerta (incorrect light projection). Intraocular pressure OD = 20 mm Hg, OS = 32 mm Hg. Gonioscopy showed open anterior chamber angle. Ophtalmoscopy – optic disc is grayish, cup/disk ratio = 0.9, shifting of optic disc vessels. Diagnosis?

A. Primary open-angle glaucoma

B. Angle-closure glaucoma acute attack

C. Optic neuritis

D. Immature senile cataract

E. Central chorioretinitis

64. Which groups of topical medications may be used for decreasing of intraocular pressure in patient with primary glaucoma?

A. Broad-spectrum antibiotics

B. Corticosteroids

C. β-blockers

D. Anti-inflammatory drugs

E. All above

65. All medications below may be used for primary glaucoma treatment except:

A. β-blockers

B. Prostaglandin analogues

C. Carbonic anhydraze inhibitors

D. Corticosteroids

E. M-cholinomimetics

66. Worker of a nuclear plant 40 years old referred to an ophthalmologist with complains of gradual vision loss during last two or three years. Examination revealed decrease of visual acuity and opacity of posterior capsule of the lens. Name the most probable diagnosis

A. Traumatic cataract

B. Senile cataract

C. Congenital cataract

D. Electric cataract

E. Radiation cataract

67. Female patient 45 years old complains of vision loss in left eye during last 2 days, pain while ocular movements. Objectively Vis OS = 0.05. Intraocular pressure is normal. External ophthalmologic examination revealed no changes, optical media are transparent. Ophthalmoscopy – hyperemia of the optic disk, papilloedema, veins are congested. Diagnosis?

A. Central retinal vein occlusion

B. Optic neuritis

C. Central retinal artery occlusion

D. Optic atrophy

E. Glaucomatous optic neuropathy

68. Examination revealed in 7-years old girl best corrected visual acuity of both eyes didn’t exceed 0.3. However all optical media was transparent, no pathology found at her ocular fundus (retina, optic disk, retinal vessels were normal). How this condition is cold?

A. Ametropia

B. Emmetropia

C. Ambliopia

D. Anisometropia

E. Myopia

69. Perimetry of patient’s right eye with previously diagnosed glaucoma revealed following peripheral borders of visual field: nasal - 30°, superior - 55º, temporal - 90º, inferior - 70º. How such defect of visual field is called?

A. Nasal step

B. Temporal wedge

C. Concentric narrowing

D. Arcuate scotoma

E. Binasal hemianopsia

70. Disorder of twilight vision is called:

A. Hemianopsia

B. Hemeralopia

C. Protanomaly

D. Protanopia

E. Deuteranomaly

71. Latent squint is also called:

A. Heterotropia

B. Heterophoria

C. Hyperphoria

D. Hypophoria

E. Orthophoria

72. During your work at outpatient ophthalmological office squinted patient came to you to get treatment. Which methods of examination you should use?

A. Visual acuity testing

B. Refractometry

C. Worth’s four dot test

D. Accommodative volume testing

E. All above

  73. Which method may be used for evaluation of intraocular pressure?

A. Goldman tonometry

B. Palpation method

C. Pneumatic tonometry

D. Maklakov tonometry

E. All methods above

74. Which visual acuity describes the term “Absolute blindness” in best way?

A. Counting fingers

B. Hand movements

C. 0 (zero) (No light perception)

D. 1/∞ pr.l.certa (correct light projection)

E. All above

75. Patient suffering from retinal detachment. Which of the following tactics is more preferable in this case?

A. Therapeutical treatment

B. Surgical treatment

C. Therapeutical treatment, if not successful – surgical treatment

D. Wait until reattachment occurs

E. All above